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Thyroid
Thyroglobulin antibodies test
Autoantibody that can be seen in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and after thyroid cancer treatment.
At a glance
In about 5 days
Most results are ready in about 5 days. Some specialty markers can take up to 21 days.
Check before your draw
This marker has no preparation tag, but it can still need preparation. Contact us before your draw if you’re not sure.
Walk in at Quest
Your lab order arrives by email. Most Quest locations take walk-ins, so bring it with a photo ID.
What it measures
Thyroglobulin is a protein your thyroid uses to make its hormones. This test looks for antibodies, immune proteins, against it, which can be a sign that your immune system is targeting your thyroid.
Why it matters for women
Hashimoto’s, a condition where the immune system slowly wears down the thyroid, is much more common in women. These antibodies can appear years before thyroid levels change and are often checked with TPO antibodies, another thyroid antibody test. Some people can carry them and not develop thyroid problems.
You might check it if…
- thyroid disease runs in your family
- you feel tired, cold or foggy and want a closer look
- your thyroid looks or feels swollen
- you’re being followed after thyroid cancer treatment
What your result may mean
High Thyroglobulin antibodies: what it may mean
High thyroglobulin antibodies may mean your immune system is reacting to your thyroid. They can appear with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which can cause an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), and with Graves' disease, which can cause an overactive thyroid. These antibodies can show up years before TSH changes, and some people can carry them and not develop thyroid problems. After thyroid cancer treatment, they can interfere with the thyroglobulin blood test used to follow the cancer. A clinician may look at TPO antibodies, TSH and free T4 alongside this result, especially before pregnancy or after giving birth.
Low Thyroglobulin antibodies: what it may mean
Low or negative thyroglobulin antibodies may make autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto's or Graves') less of a concern, but this result can't rule it out on its own. Some people with Hashimoto's may have TPO antibodies and not these, so the two tests can work as a pair. Antibody levels can also shift over time, including during pregnancy. If thyroid symptoms or a high TSH remain a concern, a clinician may repeat the test or check TPO antibodies. After thyroid cancer treatment, a negative result can make thyroglobulin follow-up tests easier to read.
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These notes provide context and do not diagnose a condition. Not yet available in NY, NJ, RI, HI, ND, SD or WV.